wordclock/games/snake/snake_game.c

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "../../config.h"
#include "../../compat/pgmspace.h"
#include "../../pixel.h"
#include "../../random/prng.h"
#include "../../util.h"
#include "../../joystick/joystick.h"
#include "../../menu/menu.h"
#include "snake_game.h"

#if defined MENU_SUPPORT && defined GAME_SNAKE
// snake icon (MSB is leftmost pixel)
static const uint8_t icon[8] PROGMEM =
	{0xff, 0x81, 0xbd, 0xa5, 0xa5, 0xad, 0xa1, 0xbf};

game_descriptor_t snake_game_descriptor __attribute__((section(".game_descriptors"))) =
{
	&snake_game,
	icon,
};
#endif


// If defined, joystick controls are NOT as "seen" by the snake but absolute,
// that is, if pressing up, snake goes up, etc.
#define SNAKE_NEWCONTROL

// limits
#define SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH 64u
#define SNAKE_MAX_APPLES 10

// delays (in milliseconds)
#define SNAKE_CYCLE_DELAY 100
#define SNAKE_TERMINATION_DELAY 60

// colors
#define SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER 3
#define SNAKE_COLOR_PROTAGONIST 3
#define SNAKE_COLOR_APPLE 3


/**
 * Directions of the snake.
 */
enum snake_dir
{
	SNAKE_DIR_UP,   //!< SNAKE_DIR_UP    Snake is heading up.
	SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT,//!< SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT Snake is heading right.
	SNAKE_DIR_DOWN, //!< SNAKE_DIR_DOWN  Snake is heading down.
	SNAKE_DIR_LEFT, //!< SNAKE_DIR_LEFT  Snake is heading left.
	SNAKE_DIR_NONE  //!< SNAKE_DIR_NONE  Helper value for a "resting" joystick.
};
#ifdef NDEBUG
	typedef uint8_t snake_dir_t;
#else
	typedef enum snake_dir snake_dir_t;
#endif

/**
 * This structure represents the snake character itself. It keeps track of the
 * snake's segments, its head and tail and the direction it is heading.
 */
typedef struct snake_protagonist
{
	pixel aSegments[SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH]; /**< All segments of the snake. */
	uint8_t nHeadIndex;                /**< Index of the head segment. */
	uint8_t nTailIndex;                /**< Index of the tail segment. */
	snake_dir_t dir;                   /**< Direction of the snake.    */
} snake_protagonist_t;


/**
 * This structure keeps track of all apples which are on the playing field.
 */
typedef struct snake_apples
{
	pixel aApples[SNAKE_MAX_APPLES]; /**< All apple positions */
	uint8_t nAppleCount;             /**< Counter of currently existing apples*/
} snake_apples_t;


/**
 * Moves a pixel to the given direction.
 * @param pxNext pixel to be moved
 * @param dir direction
 */
static pixel snake_applyDirection(pixel pxNext,
                                  snake_dir_t dir)
{
	assert(dir < 4);
	static int8_t const nDelta[] = {0, -1, 0, 1, 0};
	return (pixel){pxNext.x + nDelta[dir], pxNext.y + nDelta[dir + 1]};
}


/**
 * This functions draws a border around the playing field.
 */
static void snake_drawBorder(void)
{
#if NUM_COLS == NUM_ROWS
	for (uint8_t i = NUM_COLS; i--;)
	{
		setpixel((pixel){i, 0}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
		setpixel((pixel){i, NUM_ROWS - 1}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
		setpixel((pixel){0, i}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
		setpixel((pixel){NUM_COLS -1, i}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
	}
#else
	for (uint8_t x = NUM_COLS; x--;)
	{
		setpixel((pixel){x, 0}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
		setpixel((pixel){x, NUM_ROWS - 1}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
	}
	for (uint8_t y = NUM_ROWS; y--;)
	{
		setpixel((pixel){0, y}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
		setpixel((pixel){NUM_COLS - 1, y}, SNAKE_COLOR_BORDER);
	}
#endif
}


/**
 * Translates port information into directions.
 * @return Current direction of the joystick
 */
static snake_dir_t snake_queryJoystick(void)
{
	snake_dir_t dirJoystick;
	if (JOYISUP)
	{
		dirJoystick = SNAKE_DIR_UP;
	}
	else if (JOYISRIGHT)
	{
		dirJoystick = SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
	}
	else if (JOYISDOWN)
	{
		dirJoystick = SNAKE_DIR_DOWN;
	}
	else if (JOYISLEFT)
	{
		dirJoystick = SNAKE_DIR_LEFT;
	}
	else
	{
		dirJoystick = SNAKE_DIR_NONE;
	}

	return dirJoystick;
}


/**
 * Initializes the structure which represents the snake itself.
 * @param pprotSnake The protagonist structure to be initialized.
 */
static void snake_initGameProtagonist(snake_protagonist_t *pprotSnake)
{
	pprotSnake->aSegments[0] = (pixel){4, NUM_ROWS - 2};
	pprotSnake->aSegments[1] = (pixel){4, NUM_ROWS - 3};
	pprotSnake->nTailIndex = 0;
	pprotSnake->nHeadIndex = 1;
	pprotSnake->dir = SNAKE_DIR_UP;
}


#ifdef GAME_SNAKE
/**
 * Determines the next direction of the snake depending on joystick input.
 * @param pprotSnake Protagonist structure to be controlled.
 * @param pdirLast The last joystick movement to avoid key repeat.
 */
static void snake_userControl(snake_protagonist_t *pprotSnake,
                                     snake_dir_t *pdirLast)
{
	snake_dir_t dirJoystick = snake_queryJoystick();
#ifdef SNAKE_NEWCONTROL
	if (dirJoystick != SNAKE_DIR_NONE)
	{
		// valid transitions can only be uneven
		if ((pprotSnake->dir + dirJoystick) & 0x01)
		{
			pprotSnake->dir = dirJoystick;
		}
	}
#else
	if ((dirJoystick ^ *pdirLast) && (dirJoystick != SNAKE_DIR_NONE))
	{		// only left or right movements are valid
		if (dirJoystick & 0x01)
		{
			// rotate through directions (either clockwise or counterclockwise)
			pprotSnake->dir = (pprotSnake->dir +
					(dirJoystick == SNAKE_DIR_LEFT ? 3 : 1)) % 4u;
		}
	}
	*pdirLast = dirJoystick;
#endif
}
#endif


#ifdef ANIMATION_SNAKE
/**
 * Approaches directions which may lead to an apple.
 * @param pprotSnake The hungry protagonist.
 * @param pApples A bunch of apples.
 */
static void snake_autoRoute(snake_protagonist_t *pprotSnake,
                            snake_apples_t *pApples)
{
	pixel pxHead = pprotSnake->aSegments[pprotSnake->nHeadIndex];
	if (random8() < 80)
	{
		uint8_t nNextApple = 0;
		if (pApples->nAppleCount)
		{
			uint8_t nMinDist = UINT8_MAX;
			for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pApples->nAppleCount; ++i)
			{
				uint8_t nDistX;
				if (pxHead.x > pApples->aApples[i].x)
				{
					nDistX = pxHead.x - pApples->aApples[i].x;
				}
				else
				{
					nDistX = pApples->aApples[i].x - pxHead.x;
				}

				uint8_t nDistY;
				if (pxHead.y > pApples->aApples[i].y)
				{
					nDistY = pxHead.y - pApples->aApples[i].y;
				}
				else
				{
					nDistY = pApples->aApples[i].y - pxHead.y;
				}

				if ((nDistX + nDistY) < nMinDist)
				{
					nMinDist = nDistX + nDistY;
					nNextApple = i;
				}
			}
			if (pprotSnake->dir ^ 0x01) // vertical direction?
			{
				pprotSnake->dir = pApples->aApples[nNextApple].x > pxHead.x ?
						SNAKE_DIR_LEFT : SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
			}
			else
			{
				pprotSnake->dir = pApples->aApples[nNextApple].y > pxHead.y ?
						SNAKE_DIR_DOWN : SNAKE_DIR_UP;
			}
		}
	}

	for (uint8_t i = 4; i--;)
	{
		pixel pxTest = snake_applyDirection(pxHead, pprotSnake->dir);
		if (get_pixel(pxTest))
		{
			for (uint8_t j = pApples->nAppleCount; j--;)
			{
				if ((pxTest.x == pApples->aApples[j].x) &&
						(pxTest.y == pApples->aApples[j].y))
				{
					return;
				}
			}
			pprotSnake->dir = (pprotSnake->dir + 1) % 4u;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
#endif


/**
 * Small animation that lets the dying snake disappear.
 * @param pprotSnake Pointer to the dying snake.
 */
static void snake_eliminateProtagonist(snake_protagonist_t *pprotSnake)
{
	while (pprotSnake->nTailIndex != pprotSnake->nHeadIndex)
	{
		clearpixel(pprotSnake->aSegments[pprotSnake->nTailIndex++]);
		pprotSnake->nTailIndex %= SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH;
		wait(SNAKE_TERMINATION_DELAY);
	}
}


/**
 * Initializes the structure that keeps track of all currently existing apples.
 * @param pApples Pointer to the apples in question.
 */
static void snake_initApples(snake_apples_t *pApples)
{
	pApples->nAppleCount = 0;
}


/**
 * Checks for an apple at a given position and removes it if there is one.
 * @param pApples The set of apples which are one the playing field
 * @param pxHead The position to be tested.
 * @return 0 if no apples were found, 1 otherwise
 */
static uint8_t snake_checkForApple(snake_apples_t *pApples, pixel pxHead)
{
	for (uint8_t i = pApples->nAppleCount; i--;)
	{
		if ((pxHead.x == pApples->aApples[i].x) &&
				(pxHead.y == pApples->aApples[i].y))
		{
			for (; i < pApples->nAppleCount; ++i)
			{
				pApples->aApples[i] = pApples->aApples[i + 1];
			}
			--pApples->nAppleCount;
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}


/**
 * Creates some new apples from time to time.
 * @param pApples Pointer to the apple structure.
 */
static void snake_spawnApples(snake_apples_t *pApples)
{
	if ((pApples->nAppleCount < SNAKE_MAX_APPLES) && (random8() < 10))
	{
		pixel pxApple = (pixel){(random8() % (NUM_COLS-2)) + 1,
								   (random8() % (NUM_ROWS - 2)) + 1};
		if (!get_pixel(pxApple))
		{
			pApples->aApples[pApples->nAppleCount++] = pxApple;
		}
	}
}


/**
 * The snake game.
 */
void snake_engine(uint8_t bDemoMode)
{
	// init
	snake_protagonist_t protSnake;
	snake_initGameProtagonist(&protSnake);
	snake_apples_t apples;
	snake_initApples(&apples);
	snake_dir_t dirLast = SNAKE_DIR_NONE;

	// init screen
	clear_screen(0);
	snake_drawBorder();

	for (uint8_t nAppleColor = 0; 1; nAppleColor ^= SNAKE_COLOR_APPLE)
	{
		// determine new direction
#if defined ANIMATION_SNAKE && defined GAME_SNAKE
		if (bDemoMode)
		{
			snake_autoRoute(&protSnake, &apples);
		}
		else
		{
			snake_userControl(&protSnake, &dirLast);
		}
#elif defined ANIMATION_SNAKE
		snake_autoRoute(&protSnake, &apples);
#else
		snake_userControl(&protSnake, &dirLast);
#endif

		// actually move head
		pixel pxOldHead = protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nHeadIndex];
		protSnake.nHeadIndex = (protSnake.nHeadIndex + 1) % SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH;
		protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nHeadIndex] =
				snake_applyDirection(pxOldHead, protSnake.dir);

		// look if we have found an apple
		if (!snake_checkForApple(&apples,
				protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nHeadIndex]))
		{
			// quit game if we hit something which is not an apple
			if (get_pixel(protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nHeadIndex]))
			{
				snake_eliminateProtagonist(&protSnake);
				return;
			}

			// remove last segment
			clearpixel(protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nTailIndex])
			protSnake.nTailIndex = (protSnake.nTailIndex +1) % SNAKE_MAX_LENGTH;

			// new apples
			snake_spawnApples(&apples);
		}
		// draw new head
		setpixel(protSnake.aSegments[protSnake.nHeadIndex],
				SNAKE_COLOR_PROTAGONIST);

		// draw apples
		for (uint8_t i = apples.nAppleCount; i--;)
		{
			setpixel(apples.aApples[i], nAppleColor);
		}

		wait(SNAKE_CYCLE_DELAY);
	}
}

/**
 * Snake in game mode.
 */
void snake_game(void)
{
	snake_engine(0);
}